### Mind Mapping Programs for IGCSE Physics and Mathematics

IGCSE curriculum evolves over time, so the students can never miss the opportunity to learn contemporary secondary education. IGCSE Certificates are fundamentally group awards, designed for schools that want to offer a broad curriculum. We teach the Physics with experimental approach and Mathematics with historical discovery. When students see the physical phenomena, their minds generate the curiosity to understand it. Likewise, when students learn the mathematics with historical background, they can understand the existence which helps for the real world computation.

### Advan-kt teaches Physics with Experimental Works

IGCSE Physics Curriculum (0625) has experimental section, in which the students are required to have conducted some experiments, as to understand the physics in real nature. In present system, this portion is covered by theoretical ways of mean so that the students will normally be ended up with formulae and laws in exhausted way. This part can be taught in a way of group activities or can alternatively be carried out in a fashion of workshop-basis. By doing so, the students get chances to see the physical phenomena and then relate it to the available theories. This approach works efficiently in the mind mapping programs, and consequently trigger students to think spontaneously when critical questions are raised. Hence, Advan-kt is eager to share this MIND MAPPING technique with IGCSE students. Some of the experiments that being conducted in our workshops are listed below:

### Law of Motion

Acceleration is a measure of how quickly the velocity of an object changes. So, the acceleration is the change in the velocity, divided by the time. Students will role some balls in slop to measure the speed changes over time.

Newton's first law of motion is often stated as: "An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force". A light weight ping pong ball will lift the heavy weight golf ball in this experiment.

Newton's second law of motion can be formally stated as follows: "the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object". Paper based car toys will be used to visualize the act of mass, acceleration and by-product, the force.

Newton's third law of motion can be formally stated as follows: "for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction". Students will use balloon to understand the all the three laws of motions in this part.

### Wave Properties, Electromagnetic Waves, Lights Behaviour and Electricity

Wave is all about the gyration and propagation in the medium. In this experimental study, the students will see the behavioral pattern of waves through a wave machine.

Electromagnetic waves do exist in wide spectrum. Students will see the electric and magnetic fields orientation in relation to the direction of propagation. A slight modification on the wave machine will help to induce electromagnetic wave's pattern.

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. A light wave will be passed from normal atmosphere to another medium, preferably water to bent it off. This encourages students to analyse a simple light source for its nature in different mediums.

Analyzing the electrostatic discharges from students own body helps to understand that humans do generate electricity. Simple straw and string help for this experiments.

A large iron nail (about 3 inches), will be wounded by a continuous wire and then supplied with DC current. The iron nail will become an electromagnet to attract metal objects to stick together.

Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (i.e., voltage) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. Students will see the magnetic induction through the electrical set up that supported by simple circuitry.

Electrical circuits with its components and measuring devices will be demonstrated to basic level. The electrical circuitries for "AND" and "OR" digital gates will be tested physically.

Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor, Potentiometer, Series and Parallel Circuits, Electricity Induction, Faraday's Law of Induction, Transformer and etc; all the electrical components will be demonstrated for better understanding.

A multimeter or a multitester, also known as a VOM (volt-ohm-milliammeter), is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several measurement functions in one unit. A typical multimeter can measure voltage, current, and resistance. A digital meter will be applied to read the volt, current and resistance.

### Programs Schedule

10 am to 11 am 11 am to 12 pm 12 pm to 1 pm 1 pm to 2 pm 2 pm to 3 pm
Law of Motion

i) Role balls in slope
ii) Ping pong vs golf ball
iii) Toy car games
Waves and Electromagnetic Waves

i) 3 meter Wave will be generated to show the amplitude and frequency
ii) Convert to electro magnetic waves
iii) Light's penetration in water bottle
Break Electricity

i) Electricity induction
ii) Generator vs solar panels
Component, Measurement and Calculation

i) Resistor, inductor, capacitor, potentiometer, series and parallel circuits, transformer and etc.
ii) Measurement and calculation

### Cost Per Students

Advan-kt charges per student: rm 150 for 5 hours session. Minimum we need 10 students for per session, so the cost can be covered wisely. This amount covers the paper printout in addition to the fundamental supporting things such as: the analytical kits, devices and apparatus used for. Apart from that: there will be additional things involve in this Mind Mapping Program, such as: chocolates, candies, cookies and small prizes for students.

### Advan-kt teaches Mathematics with Historical Background

Nothing can exist without reasons. Hence, all the mathematics have reason for its existance and our lecture covers such info for precise understanding. When students learn about the existence, then the students should be able to apply it at any situation consequently. That is what normally be called as : "Educating People !". Simple examples are given below for readers' understanding. What is the difference between ordinary mathematics, additional mathematics and further mathematics. All are, of course, mathematics ! Find the area of the box that shown below :

Area, A = Height*Width
(Ordinary Mathematics)

${=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\mathrm{2 m}}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{*}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\mathrm{6 m}}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\mathrm{12 m}}^{2}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}$
(Additional Mathematics) $\phantom{\rule{0ex}{80px}}{=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\int }_{{0}^{}}^{y}xdx\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}$ $\phantom{\rule{0ex}{80px}}{=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\int }_{{0}^{}}^{2}6xdx{=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\mathrm{12 m}}^{2}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}$
(Further Mathematics)

$=\sum _{n=1}^{N}F\mathrm{\left(n\right)}\mathrm{\left[x\left(n\right)-x\left(N-1\right)\right]}$
${=}^{}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}{\mathrm{12 m}}^{2}\phantom{\rule{10px}{0ex}}$

Al-jabar

The word algebra comes from the Arabic language from the title of the book Ilm al-jabr wa'l-muḳābala by al-Khwarizmi: “He was a superior-servant to ‘his majesty in Bagdad. His job is to send workers to ‘prescribed-work’ everyday. His workers are often lazy and absent from their duty. So he came up with grouping systems; equations of symbols and several laws to substitute workers to suit the situations.” He has created the main 3 grouping formulae. They are: 1) Commutative Law, a * b = b * a        Associative Law, ( a + b ) + c = a + ( b + c )        Distributive Law, a ( b + c ) = a b + a c

Around 500 BC, a man from Greek was wanted to buy land for his soon-building-house. There was a condition imposed by government that if anybody wants to buy land, then it must be perfect square and that particular area has to be fenced by his/her own money. With such conditions, a man wanted to calculate the area and the fence for his 60 drachmas. So it was calculated as, A = m * m = m² and then the Fence was calculated as, F = 4 m . He wrote a final equation as follows: 60 = (m²) + (4 m) . Rewritting for solution, the equation becomes: 0 = m² + 4m – 60 . By using brackets ( ) ( ) in later stage, we managed to find the values of m.

Triangle

Early 18th century, a farmer wanted to plant flowers in his garden with circle shape. So he called his wife to bring seeds and his wife was not seen at the scene for quite sometime. So he started to walk around the circle but walked in almost triangular shape but he has assumed that he has completed the circle. But he has completed a triangular pattern and suddenly noticed his foot steps. So he wanted to know to what angular pattern he has walked on the area as he had little knowledge from ptolemy that a circle is confined by 360 degrees. So he calculated the internal phase angle of his own foot steps.

360 = A + B + C
360 = (180 - α) + (180 - β) + (180 - γ)
360 = 540 - α - β - γ
360 - 540 = - α - β - γ
540 - 360 = α + β + γ
180 = α + β + γ

We cover topics such as : Area of Square, Rectangle, Triangle, Algebra, Boolean Algebra, Quadratic Equation, Ptolemy Angles, Cartesian Cordinates, Sine and Cosine, Pythagoras, Logarithmic, Derivative, Integration, Euler, Complex Number, Trigonometric, Series, Differential Equation, Calculas and etc.

### Cost Per Students

Advan-kt charges per student: rm 300 for 4 hours session. Minimum we need 5 students for per session. This amount covers the paper printout in addition to the fundamental supporting things such as: the analytical kits, devices and apparatus used for. Apart from that: there will be additional things involve in this Mind Mapping Program, such as: chocolates, candies, cookies and small prizes for students.

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